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Incidence and Risk of Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction in Sickle Cell Disease Patients Based on a Prospective Study

key information

source: American Society of Hematology

year: 2016

authors: France Pirenne, David Narbey, Philippe Chadebech, Armand Mekontso-Dessap, Pablo Bartolucci, Claire Rieux, Marc Michel, Sadaf Pakdaman, Rachid Djoudi, Frédéric Galacteros, Anoosha Habibi

summary/abstract:

Background:
Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR) is a life threatening complication of transfusion in sickle cell disease (SCD). This syndrome is underestimated because of a clinical picture that resembles a vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) and the frequent absence of detectable antibodies. Several retrospective studies have evaluated the frequency of DHTR based on case reports. We conducted a prospective, longitudinal, single center study to determine the incidence of DHTR and the risk of developing DHTR depending on the transfusion regimen: chronic versus punctual.

Methods and patients:
SCD patients aged over 18 years, undergoing a transfusion, were enrolled in this study. A total of 697 transfusion episodes (TE) in 312 patients were included during 30 months. Some patients had multiple TE during the period. The post transfusion outcome of the patients was assessed up to one month after the included TE. DHTR was confirmed based on the rapid disappearance of HbA (> 50% 15 days post-transfusion) associated with two of the following criteria up to three weeks after transfusion: VOC symptoms, dark urine, worsening anemia, increased LDH. Transfusion episodes were divided into chronic (336 TE in 111 patients) and punctual (361 TE in 201 patients). Chronic transfusions were defined as regular transfusions to treat chronic complications or for primary/secondary prevention of complications. Short transfusion program during pregnancy was considered as punctual transfusions if patients were not previously regularly transfused. The study obtained approval of the local Ethics Committee.

organization: Etablissement Français du Sang Ile de France; INSERM U955 Equipe 2 and UPEC, Créteil; Hopital Henri Mondor, Creteil; CHU Henri Mondor, Créteil

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